Distributed implementation of Grafcets through IEC 61499

Comunicación presentada en 25th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), 2020A Grafcet is a standardized model for describing the behavior of systems which is popular among automation engineers. As the Grafcet standard excludes implementation details, the models are typically translated to automation software. Such software was traditionally programmed in one of the languages specified in IEC 61131-3. Nowadays, automation software is increasingly modelled in IEC 61499 which facilitates designing distributed control systems. In this paper, we define a standardized translation methodology, so that automation engineers can benefit from the advantages of IEC 61499 while continuing to use Grafcet. We discuss the differences between Grafcet and IEC 61499. We translated a Grafcet model into an IEC 61499 application to illustrate the process and derive guidelines for application designers. For the core concepts of Grafcet, we present the corresponding structure in IEC 61499

Agile Testing Concepts Based on Keyword-driven Testing for Industrial Automation Systems

Abstract—In the field of industrial automation systems software becomes an important factor because engineers tend to move the realization of functional requirements from hardware to software components. The main reason for this is that software components allow increasing product flexibility. As a consequence software complexity increases rapidly and requires systematic, automation-supported and agile testing approaches. Thus, systematic and agile testing are key challenges in industrial control software development to ensure and improve systems quality. Further different implementation standards, i.e., IEC 61131-3 and IEC 61499, arise additional challenges in constructing and testing industrial automation systems software. This paper presents an agile and keyword-driven test approach with focus on testing implementations based on both important industrial standards and illustrates the applicability of the purposed approach in a sample implementation, i.e., a High Speed Pick and Place unit. Main results show the applicability of keyworddriven testing based on a defined subset of keywords (common for IEC 61131-3 and IEC 61499) and thus enable agile and automation-supported testing more effective and efficient

Distributed Agents Architecture Applied in Assembly Domain

The need for agility of production structures is continuously growing due to increasing complexity of products and decrease of product life cycle. This paper proposes a distributed knowledge-based architecture based on a multi-agent paradigm applied in the assembly domain. The proposed approach is modeled by a society of cognitive agents, which control a set of heterogeneous resources and cooperate together in order to achieve their own aims as well as the system's aim. The assembly knowledge is encapsulated in a rule-based system, which allows an efficient generation of assembly steps. Ontologies are semantic tools that provide a framework to represent this knowledge. The ontology is shared among agents and serves as the instrument to define the vocabulary used by the agents during their interactions.The original publication is available at JAIST Press http://www.jaist.ac.jp/library/jaist-press/index.htmlProceedings of KSS'2007 : The Eighth International Symposium on Knowledge and Systems Sciences : November 5-7, 2007, [Ishikawa High-Tech Conference Center, Nomi, Ishikawa, JAPAN]Organized by: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technolog

Monitoring design pattern for distributed automation systems in IEC 61499 and its formal modelling

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 IEEE.This paper addresses the challenge of achieving reliable and predictable operation of flexible and modular pro-duction systems with distributed control and potentially wireless communication. Such systems are envisaged as common in the future Industry 4.0 production facilities. A software design pattern is proposed to implement online monitoring of requirements. The IEC 61499 architecture is selected as the implementation platform and its benefits are essentially used by utilisation of the adapter interface mechanism. The paper also outlines a pathway to designing and verifying the monitors based on formal methods.Peer reviewe

A Design Pattern for Monitoring Adapter Connections in IEC 61499

Funding Information: VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was sponsored, in part, by the EIT Manufacturing and by the H2020 project 1-SWARM co-Funded by the European Commission (grant agreement: 871743). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 IEEE.Today's software developments are frequently structured into different components with well defined interfaces. IEC 61499 comes with well defined interface mechanisms such as adapters that group data and event exchange between different subsystems. Compliance with interface specifications can be monitored at run-time. In this paper we present a design pattern to monitor adapters thereby observing whether communication specifications are fulfilled. We present an example demonstrating monitoring of a handshaking mechanism used between control application components.Peer reviewe

Integration of Factory IO and 4DIAC-FORTE for the Validation of Control Software in the IEC 61499 Standard

[Resumen] En este trabajo se presenta la integración de 4diac-FORTE y Factory IO mediante OPC-UA. Dicha integración permite verificar software de control desarrollado según la norma IEC 61499 y de esta forma validar de metodologías para el desarrollo de dicho software. Se presenta un ejemplo sencillo que ilustra detalles importantes a tener en cuenta en la configuración adecuada del servidor OPCUA que permite esta integración.[Abstract] In this paper, the integration of 4diac-FORTE and Factory IO through OPC-UA is presented. This integration allows verifying control software developed according to the IEC 61499 standard and opens the possibility of validating methodologies for the development of control applications under that standard. A simple example is presented that allows illustrating important details to take into account in the proper configuration of the OPC-UA server that allows this integration.Universitat Jaume I; UJI-B2021-45https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.978849749841